Bee Varieties Diversity
Out-of 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 192 bee species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) was in fact stuck in Calanques National Playground via both online and bowl trap collections. They belonged so you’re able to six family and you will 38 genera. Megachilidae is actually many types-rich family relations, followed closely by Apidae and you will Halictidae, which have 53, 44, and you may 43 kinds, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is actually this new richest genus, that have 33 species, while 7 genera was basically portrayed from the singular types (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Table step 1 [online only] ). Making use of the jackknife step one and you may dos spiders, the bee variety richness is actually projected are between ± 9.89 and you will ± . The brand new seen richness hence represented 71.step three so you can 79.6% of estimated bee richness ( Dining table dos). The new Chao1 means estimated brand new seen fullness is 76.8% of one’s possible maximum fullness ( Dining table dos). More numerous types are Apis mellifera L. (276 some body), followed closely by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you can 168 anyone, respectively), and Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 anyone). Finally, fifty species (26%) have been illustrated of the only 1 personal (singletons).
Environmental Traits out of Bees
Concerning your ecological faculties of nesting tastes, we understood 59 single bee variety nesting over surface, ninety five solitary bee varieties nesting below ground and you will 23 cleptoparasitic varieties, comparable to 30.eight, 47.9, and you can twelve.0% of one’s overall bee types richness, correspondingly. I seen four public kinds (bumble bees and you can honey bees-dos.1%). Fundamentally, this new nesting choices away from 14 varieties continue to be not familiar (seven.3%- Supp Desk step 1 [on the web merely] ). Regarding the flowery diet plan away from bee species, i unearthed that 105 kinds (54.7%) foraged to your a variety of plant species (we.age., generalist kinds, polylectic) and you can 51 types (twenty six.5%) foraged on a single plant household members otherwise one/couple bush varieties (we.e., professional types, oligolectic). Into left thirty six bee species (18.8%), this new flowery diet wasn’t identified (elizabeth.g., having cleptoparasitic kinds). not, really generalist varieties exhibited a preference for starters otherwise a number of bush families ( Supp Desk step one [on the internet only] ). Towards forty two singletons, fourteen bee varieties (28%) was indeed professionals, and you may nine bee kinds (18%) was indeed cleptoparasitic ( Supp Desk step one [on line only] ).
An IUCN condition is designed for 178 variety (leaving out new kinds complexes and unfamiliar types). Among those, 47 species were categorized given that analysis lacking (DD-twenty six.4%), 124 kinds was the very least concerned (LC-69.6%), half a dozen varieties was indeed close endangered (NT-step 3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849) https://datingranking.net/chat-zozo-review/, Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), plus one types was believed threatened (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Desk step one [on the internet only] ). Three oligolectic kinds had been among eight threatened bee species. Good. ovatula and you may C. albomaculatus is specialists towards the Fabaceae, D. argentata try a specialist for the Caprifoliaceae.
Off 2009 to help you 2018, 38 types of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) was basically caught when you look at the Calanques National Park. They belonged so you’re able to 24 genera ( Supp Table 2 [on the web just] ). The most abundant genera was indeed Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 someone), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 someone), and you will Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville inside Latreille, 1828 (thirteen anyone), whereas 20 varieties (53%) have been depicted by the just one individual ( Supp Dining table dos [on the web only] ). Brand new bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was indeed illustrated because of the 20 kinds, and five singletons (25%) ( Supp Table step 3 [on the internet merely] ). The fresh new estimate out of complete varieties fullness out of hover flies and you can bee flies try between 83 and 97 types utilizing the jackknife step one and you may 2 spiders, respectively. Thus, new noticed fullness depicted 59.8–69.9% of your projected hover fly and bee fly richness ( Table dos).